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Pneumonia Part 2

CNS Infections>

Mind Map branch: Pneumonia Part 2 Pneumonia Part 2 Influenza Infection Types Virus A = Cause of Epidemic or Pandemic Virus B = Infects Children Virus C = Infects Children Morphology Swollen Mucosa Overproduction of Mucus Enlarged Lympnoids Plugging of Small Airways and Nasal Sinuses Aspiration Pneumonia In Debilitated Patient Aspiration of Gastric Content Chemical RXN Aerobic organism = More Common Necrotizing Type Frequent cause of Death Lung Abscess Common Complication Lung Abscess Local Suppurative Process in lung Necrosis of Lung Tissue Common Organism = Streptococcus Aerobic & Anaerobic Causes Oropharyngeal Surgery SinoBronchial Infection Dental Sepsis (body causes this by responding to an infection) Bronchioectasis Affect any part of the lung Maybe Single or Multiple (vary in size) Aspiration Abscess = Common in Right Lung Maybe filled with Suppurative debris Cough Fever Copious amts of foul smelling purulent or sputum Chest Pain Weight Loss Clubbing of fingers amy occur within a few weeks Rule out Carcinoma = 10 - 15 % of cases Antibiotics might resolve Serious complications may occur = Meningitis, Brain Abscess Chronic Pneumonia Localized Lesion With or without Regional Lymph node Involvement Granulomatous Inflammation Caused by Fungi (produce as spore but grow as yeast) Geographic Histoplasmosis Along Ohio/Mississippi Rivers & Caribbean Inhalation of Dust Particles w/bird Dropings Contain small spores of Fungus Resembles TB Self - Limited Coin Lesion Cough Fever Night Sweats Attacks Macrophages Granuloma in Apices of Lung Antigen in Body fluids used to detect Blastomycosis Central and Southeastern US Soil Fungus Cough Headache Cheastpain Weight Loss Fever Abdominal Pain Night Sweats Chills Anorexia Upper Lobe Frequently involved Suppurative Granuloma Pulmonary disease in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infections Leading cause of DEATH in HIV Patients Bacterial Infections Most Common and Severe Leads to Bacteremia CD4+ T Cell count defines risk of infection Higher count = Bacterial and tubercular risk Diagnostic work up more extensive than with non-immunodeficient patient Vulnerable to Opportunistic Infection Streptococcus Pneumoniae Staphylococcus Aureus Haemophilus Influenza G - Rods Pneumonia in Immunocompromised host Pulomonary Infiltrate & Infection (common Sign) Vulnerable to opportunistic Infection AIDS = 100% suffer from Opportunistic Infection Mortality High Pneumoniae Carinii = Fungi Common Agents Fungus Bacteria Virus Nosocomial Pnemonia Hospital Acquired High Risk = Patient w/Mechanical Ventilation Common Vulnerability Causes Severe underlying Diease Immunosuppression Prolonged Antibiotic Treatment Invasive access devices = Catheter Coccidiodomycosis Southwest & Far West US & Mexico Develops delayed Type Hypersensitivity Positive Skin Test Asymptomatic Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Appeared Nov. 2002 in China Dry Cough Malaise Myalgia Fever Chill 1/3 Resolves as infections Remainder progresses to severe respiratory Disease No treatment Caused by CORONAvirus Diagnosed by PCR

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