Pneumonia in Immunocompromised host

Map Branches

• Influenza Infection
  • Types
    • Virus A = Cause of Epidemic or Pandemic
    • Virus B = Infects Children
    • Virus C = Infects Children
  • Morphology
    • Swollen Mucosa
    • Overproduction of Mucus
    • Enlarged Lympnoids
    • Plugging of Small Airways and Nasal Sinuses
• Aspiration Pneumonia
  • In Debilitated Patient
  • Aspiration of Gastric Content
  • Chemical RXN
  • Aerobic organism = More Common
  • Necrotizing Type
  • Frequent cause of Death
  • Lung Abscess
    • Common Complication
• Lung Abscess
  • Local Suppurative Process in lung
    • Necrosis of Lung Tissue
      • Common Organism = Streptococcus Aerobic & Anaerobic
      • Causes
        • Oropharyngeal Surgery
        • SinoBronchial Infection
        • Dental Sepsis (body causes this by responding to an infection)
        • Bronchioectasis
      • Affect any part of the lung
      • Maybe Single or Multiple (vary in size)
      • Aspiration Abscess = Common in Right Lung
      • Maybe filled with Suppurative debris
      • Cough
      • Fever
      • Copious amts of foul smelling purulent or sputum
      • Chest Pain
      • Weight Loss
      • Clubbing of fingers amy occur within a few weeks
      • Rule out Carcinoma = 10 - 15 % of cases
      • Antibiotics might resolve
      • Serious complications may occur = Meningitis, Brain Abscess
• Chronic Pneumonia
  • Localized Lesion
    • With or without Regional Lymph node Involvement
  • Granulomatous Inflammation
    • Caused by Fungi (produce as spore but grow as yeast)
    • Geographic
  • Histoplasmosis
    • Along Ohio/Mississippi Rivers & Caribbean
    • Inhalation of Dust Particles w/bird Dropings
    • Contain small spores of Fungus
    • Resembles TB
    • Self - Limited
    • Coin Lesion
    • Cough
    • Fever
    • Night Sweats
    • Attacks Macrophages
    • Granuloma in Apices of Lung
    • Antigen in Body fluids used to detect
• Blastomycosis
  • Central and Southeastern US
    • Soil Fungus
    • Cough
    • Headache
    • Cheastpain
    • Weight Loss
    • Fever
    • Abdominal Pain
    • Night Sweats
    • Chills
    • Anorexia
    • Upper Lobe Frequently involved
    • Suppurative Granuloma
• Pulmonary disease in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infections
  • Leading cause of DEATH in HIV Patients
  • Bacterial Infections
    • Most Common and Severe
      • Leads to Bacteremia
  • CD4+ T Cell count defines risk of infection
    • Higher count = Bacterial and tubercular risk
  • Diagnostic work up more extensive than with non-immunodeficient patient
  • Vulnerable to Opportunistic Infection
    • Streptococcus Pneumoniae
    • Staphylococcus Aureus
    • Haemophilus Influenza
    • G - Rods
• Pneumonia in Immunocompromised host
  • Pulomonary Infiltrate & Infection (common Sign)
  • Vulnerable to opportunistic Infection
  • AIDS = 100% suffer from Opportunistic Infection
    • Mortality High
    • Pneumoniae Carinii = Fungi
  • Common Agents
    • Fungus
    • Bacteria
    • Virus
• Nosocomial Pnemonia
  • Hospital Acquired
    • High Risk = Patient w/Mechanical Ventilation
  • Common Vulnerability Causes
    • Severe underlying Diease
    • Immunosuppression
    • Prolonged Antibiotic Treatment
    • Invasive access devices = Catheter
• Coccidiodomycosis
  • Southwest & Far West US & Mexico
  • Develops delayed Type Hypersensitivity
  • Positive Skin Test
  • Asymptomatic
• Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)
  • Appeared Nov. 2002 in China
    • Dry Cough
    • Malaise
    • Myalgia
    • Fever
    • Chill
    • 1/3 Resolves as infections
      • Remainder progresses to severe respiratory Disease
        • No treatment
    • Caused by CORONAvirus
    • Diagnosed by PCR

Comments

► Comments for document "CNS Infections"

	Kathleen Sundmark almost 4 years ago	Great info. Lots of work. Thank you for these maps. They represent a lot of information and a great deal of work.

	Edward Shekhter almost 4 years ago	Re: Great info. Lots of work. Thank you. Just got NovaMind about 3 weeks ago. This is my first go at it. There is so much information, but I am not sure if the way I presented/did this is the best way. Also I am looking for more insight and better way to do these mind maps, from experienced people.

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